BIOLOGY
1. Basic Biotech
Biotech represents sophistication in life sciences such as Biology or Physiology, but also Geology, Meteorology, and other planetary sciences. Terraforming and farm production are affected by this field of technology.

2. Hydroponics
Hydroponics allows plants to be grown in completely controlled environments based mostly on water. This includes the possibility of growing plants in large starships, or in habitats on alien worlds.

3. Bionics
Bionics are synthetic tissues which replace organics. Bionic tissues can be used to repair injuries, strengthen fragile tissues, and aid in surgical procedures.

4. Genetics
(Genetics is the study of Deoxyribosenucleic acids, otherwise known as DNA, which is the basis of all known life. Further study of genetics could one day produce drugs and therapies to eliminate even the deadliest of diseases. Genetics could perhaps even reveal the secrets of life itself.)

6. Airponics
(Airponics is the ability to grow plants in air-based rather than soil-based or liquid-based environments. The roots of plants are sprayed with nutrient-rich gases to promote plant growth in otherwise lifeless worlds)

7. Genetic Architecture
Genetic Architecture allows biologists to create living organisms whose function is generally predictable - designing DNA essentially from scratch. These bacteria can make barren alien soil suitable for the growth of edible plants.

8. Metagenics
Metagenic technology allows scientists to create protogenetic matter which can bring life to barren ecologies. With further research, this technology could make rapid, large-scale terraforming an effective reality.

9. Climate Control
Climate Control allows the weather patterns of a planet to be controlled, by harnessing and redirecting solar radiation and air pressure. This technology has immediate applications in both terraforming and farming methods.

10. Atmospheric Conversion
Atmospheric conversion allows development of machines which can change the pressure and composition of alien atmospheres. These devices can make the air of an alien world more suitable for farms and colonists.

11. Tectonic-Stabilisation
(Tectonic Stabilisation reduce the occurrence of Earthquakes and Volcanoes/cause them to speed up the Terraforming process)

12. Biofiltration
Advances in genetics research make it possible to predict the expression of viral and bacterial specimens by direct analysis. Using this technology, biofilters can identify and eliminate harmful viral and bacterial agents in living organic tissue.

13. Dynamic Ecological Modification
New research in planetary ecology has provided a greater understanding of the function of planets as whole entities. Using this understanding, terraformers can now streamline their efforts on alien worlds.

13. Xenobiology
Life on alien worlds frequently evolves differently from familiar lifeforms. Investigation of exotic alien lifeforms has led to renewed understanding of the power of carbon-based genetics, and fantastic advances in bioengineering.

14. Silicobiology
Comparative study of lifeforms based on elements other than carbon (such as silicon) is the key to understanding the nature of life itself.


ENERGY
1. Basic Energy
Energy technology represents advances in the generation and control of power. Its most direct benefit is in advanced power generation, but it also determines the strength and regenerative powers of starship shields.

2. Nuclear Fusion
(Nuclear fusion is the advancement of current Nuclear Fission technology. It is the ability to efficiently force two or more atoms to combine into a single molecule, releasing vast amounts of energy in the process)

3. Mass Antimatter Production and Storage
(Antimatter is the physical opposite of elementary particles, having opposite charge to their matter equivalents. Vast amounts of energy are released when antimatter particles collide with particles of matter, but it would be impossible to use this energy without a plentiful supply of Antimatter and non-matter storage techniques. Magnetic fields can supposedly hold Antimatter in place without ever allowing the antimatter particles to come into contact with normal matter.)

4. Force Fields
Force Fields are complex polarized magnetic fields which impart inertial potential to charged particles and hence atoms. These fields may be used to move hazardous materials from a safe distance, or counteract unwanted inertial force.

5. Subspace Physics
Through acceleration, normal electromagnetic waves can be pushed over the subspace threshold. As a result, the behavior of energy in subspace bands can now be predicted and exploited.

6. Matter Conversion
Matter conversion allows matter to be converted directly to energy, and vice-versa. With powerful imaging scanners, it is conceivable that materialization could be patterned on the molecular or even the quantum level.

7. Graviton Physics
Gravitons are waves of gravity, just as photons are waves of light. By controlling the rate of release of gravitons from certain materials, it is now possible to create and control gravitational forces.

8. Electroplasmic Power Distribution
Plasma power has always been used by Warp engines, but advanced containment procedures now allow this same power source to be used in populated areas where previously the massive shielding requirements were inconvenient.

9. Antimatter Fusion
With advanced containment procedures, antimatter can be fused into larger nuclei than the antihydrogen that is commonly used as a reactant. These larger antinuclei produce more energy per reaction, and require less containment energy.

10. Virtual Particle Physics
Many advanced technologies are dependent on exotic nuclear and chemical compounds. This revolutionary technology allows the creation of "virtual particles" which simulate the presence of such compounds.

11. Ultraconductor Physics
A quantified theory regarding the physical properties which allow ultraconductive materials to exist and function. Ultraconductive materials have a negative effective resistance -- they actually add energy to a current which runs through them.

12. Wave Function Analysis
All matter is energy, and all energy exists as probabilistic waves. Therefore, everything in the universe is ultimately a wave function. Wave Function Analysis is the direct observation of these waves; it provides insight into the most mysterious processes of the universe.

13. Quantum Determinacy
Quantum Determinacy allows physicists to force an event to occur as long as its quantum probability is above a certain threshold. As this technology is explored, the necessary threshold of probability will approach zero.


COMPUTERS
1. Basic Computers
Computers are one of the most dramatic life-improving inventions of the Electronic Age. Computer technology increases the "intelligence" of artificial devices, such as targeting systems on starships.

2. Microtape Storage Devices
These lightweight, portable storage devices carry several reels of data storage microtape, and employ integrated subprocessors to optimize data access. They allow computers to quickly locate critical data.

3. Linguistic Interfacing
Linguistic Interfacing allows computers to communicate with their users in natural language. This advance allows fleet officers to reprogram starship computers at need, without extensive training in computer programming.

4. Molecular Data Imaging
With this technology, computers can faithfully represent physical matter as data, and use solid matter as long-term data storage. In practice, this allows a material sample to be duplicated as easily as a data file.

5. Duotronics
Phased matter can occupy the same space as normal matter at the same time. A pair of electrons in phase opposition is colloquially called a "duotron". Duotronic computers show dramatic increases in processing speed and data bandwidth.

6. Crystal Memory Devices
This advanced application of Molecular Data Imaging allows data to be stored in stable, solid-state crystal matrices which virtually eliminate the seek time delays of older microtape devices.

7. Quadritronics
Modern interphasic stabilizers allow the familiar duotron to be augmented by two more electrons on a perpendicular phase axis. The resulting unit is known as a Quadritron, which has led to the use of the term "quad" as a unit of data volume.

8. Isolinear Optics
Isolinear Optics, when used with chips designed for them, allow instantaneous access to solid-matter dataforms. The acceleration of data retrieval and storage achieved by these new devices renders older Crystal Memory Devices utterly obsolete.

9. Field Distortion Circuitry
With this technology, a nonpropulsive Warp field distorts the circuits of a computer core. This propulsion does not move the computer, but it does accelerate the movements of data, allowing signals and processes to exceed lightspeed.

10. Ultraconductive Circuitry
When exposed to a current, Ultraconductive circuit elements add electromagnetic energy to the current, and thus have an effectively negative resistance. This results in a significant reduction in power requirements for large-scale computer elements.

11. Positronics
The artificial self-awareness demonstrated by large-scale quadritronic computers is apparently inherent to even the smallest positronic units. These computers appear capable of self-design and self-programming; they learn and adapt to repeated tasks, constantly improving their own performance.

12. Bioneural Circuitry
(As used by the USS Voyager, bioneural circuits are computer circuits with organic components that can sort electrical signals and eliminate background "noise", resulting in less energy consumption and faster processing times)

13. Holographic Interfacing
(Create holograms for the user to interact with via natural communication rather than simple voice commands)

14. Organic Memory
(Totally organic, self-repairing computer systems)



PROPULSION
1. Basic Propulsion
Propulsion is the science which makes things move faster. Advances in propulsion make starships go faster and farther, through gradual improvements in efficiency and thrust capacity.

2. Impulse Propulsion
(A propulsion system used for slower-than-light speeds. It is basically an augmented fusion rocket, but the power can be channelled via the EPS conduits to augment the power available to other ships systems)

3. Warp Drive
The Fluctuation Superimpeller is a massive propulsion device which allows travel at the speed of light without ever remaining precisely at that speed for longer than Planck time. This technology has already come to be known colloquially as "Warp drive".

4. Continuum Distortion Propulsion
The first drive system to significantly exceed the speed of light, this system can propel a starship at true "warp" velocities. It functions by reshaping subspace around the drive system.

5. Continuum Microdistortion
The Fusion Microimpeller is a drive system which creates a small warp field requiring minimal energy in comparison to those used to propel starships. It can propel probes and other unmanned craft at Warp speed without a Dilithium reactor, or allow fine movement control in larger ships.

6. Plasma Injection
Plasma injection involves powering warp field coils in short, energetic bursts. This method provides more power than older coil activation techniques, with better fine control over the shape and intensity of Warp fields.

7. Asymmetrical Peristaltic Field Manipulation
Instead of generating a single immense Warp field, Asymmetrical Peristaltic Field Manipulation technology allows the generation of multiple, layered fields which have a much greater cumulative effect. This reduces the overall power requirement of large Warp fields.

8. Warp Field Geometry
Warp Field Geometry allows engineers to control the shape of Warp fields, effectively reducing the field size needed by larger vessels. The design of future starships will be dictated by advances in this field.

9. Superconductive Field Containers
Superconductive Field Containers allow Dilithium reactors and fuel storage cells to contain a greater reactive mass. These improvements allow a significant increase in the productive capacity of Warp cores.

10. Bussard Ramscoops
(Hydrogen collectors that are built into the front of Nacelles so that the ship can produce their own fuel whilst at sublight speeds)

11. Warp Field Compression
An application of Warp Field Geometry, this technology allows Warp fields to be compressed into narrower ellipses. This allows Warp fields to conform more closely to the shapes of the vessels they propel, eliminating wasted subspace distortion.

12. Quantum Charge Reversal
Quantum Charge Reversal is the direct transformation of matter into anti-matter. This process takes a great deal of energy, but extends the effective range of starships by allowing them to stretch their antimatter fuel supplies.

13. Variable Geometry Warp Coils
((A new generation of Warp coils that are capable of controlling Warp fields to a much greater degree than older models. The damage caused to Subspace by the Warping process is repaired, eliminating the extreme risk of a cascading Subspace rift in heavily used areas of space.)

14. Ultraconductive Warp Coils
Ultraconductive coils augment the power generated by a starship's Warp drive with absorbed energy, effectively reducing the power required to generate a Warp field. The energy is absorbed from both electromagnetic and subspace sources.

15. Quantum Slipstream Tunneling
(Allows the production of a narrowly focussed, directed Warp field that is produced by manipulating the Warp field on the Quantum level via a focused Quantum field directed through the deflector dish to generate massive changes in Subspace cuvature, thereby creating a tunnel projected in front of the vessel. The natural forces generated inside the tunnel propel the vessel along the tunnel at incredible speeds without the use of additional engines, but the Quantum stress caused to the hull of the vessel means that the tunnel can only be used by specially designed vessels or for extremely short periods of time. The technology was first created by the Borg-assimilated Voth race that were originally native to the Delta Quadrant)

16. Transwarp
(The goal of Starfleet engineers and Warp theorists for centuries, Transwarp is the ultimate extension of Warp field compression. It creates multiple, weak, unstable Warp fields that are compressed into a stable Warp field around the vessel. On their own, these unstable Warp fields would not be able to keep the ship safely at Warp for a long time, but the combined effect of the fields produces much higher Warp velocities than a single Warp field could - and at considerably lower power requirements. This allows the Warp coils to produce many more Warp fields than would otherwise be the case, allowing the ship to travel deeper into Subspace, thereby allowing it to travel faster than ever before.)



CONSTRUCTION
1. Basic Construction
Construction technology represents advances in fabrication methods and architectural designs. It influences the production speed of factories as well as the durability of starships.

2. Gamma Welding
Conventional welding processes partially melt the material to be welded; this side effect is unacceptable for advanced spacecraft. Gamma Welding bonds materials through nuclear interaction rather than electromagnetic stimulation.

3. Structural Integrity Fields
Structural integrity fields allow large structures (such as starships) to be made from heavy materials without suffering the stress caused by the mass of such materials. As a result, stronger alloys may be used in all forms of construction, including the fabrication of starships.

4. Monomolecular Epitaxy
Monomolecular Epitaxy allows the construction of material filaments one molecule wide. These filaments can be used independently or combined to make incredibly strong synthetic alloys.

5. Phase Transition Bonding
Phase-transition bonding merges two pieces of material by temporarily changing the phase of one item. When the phase distortion is reversed, the two pieces are inextricably merged, and the density of their intersecting volume is doubled.

6. Nonpropulsive Warp Fields
Structural Integrity fields have a power requirement which increases as fast as the mass they support. Warp Fields have stability thresholds which reduce their power needs. Nonpropulsive Warp Fields thus provide a more efficient and more stable source of structural integrity.

7. Diffusion Bonding
Diffusion bonding is an advanced method of phase-transition bonding. With this method, the increased density is diffused over the entire compound rather than concentrated in the intersection volume. This method can also be used to achieve uniform density in complex alloys.

8. Nuclear Epitaxy
Nuclear Epitaxy allows solid matter to be constructed at the subatomic level without the energy required by transporter-based methods. As a result, the durable materials preferred in large-scale construction are now more readily available.

9. Electron Bonding
Electron Bonding is a sophisticated welding process which excites surface electrons to create strong nuclear bonds without causing any collateral damage or residual heat.

10. Quantum Epitaxy
An advanced form of nuclear epitaxy, Quantum epitaxy allows the quantum states of subatomic particles to be adjusted without the energy required by transporter-based methods. Virtually any solid matter can be fabricated by this method.

11. Holographic Construction
Advances in holographics now allow large-scale construction to be carried out efficiently by holographic machinery, which can be instantly reconfigured whenever new methods arise.

12. Ablative Plating
(Plating that is specifically designed to vaporise when impacted by enemy weapons fire, so less/none of the damaging energy actually reaches/damages the hull)

13. Regenerative Armour
(Replicators are placed along the hull of the ship, which repair any damaged sections of the ship as soon as the damage occurs.)

14. Ablative Armour
(Much thicker Ablative armor panelling. Allows the ship to absorbmuch greater amounts of destructive energy before physical damage occurs)

15. Crystalline Armor (Destructive energy is spread out in waves via the crystals, causing damage to be spread over a wider effective area, therefore reducing impact damage. Effective against energy weapons but weak against physical impact)

16. Trans-Spatial Integrity Fields
(Integrity fields are projected ahead of the vessel whilst at extremely high speeds. The ship literally crashes into these fields, forcing the hull into the required shape. The Borg use this technology during Transwarp)

17. Regenerative Ablative Hull Paneling
(A combination of Ablative panelling and replicators, the armor is replaced by the replicators as soon as it is damaged by weapons fire.)

18. Regenerative Ablative Armor
A further enhancement of regenerative panelling, with replicators placed throughout the ship. As long as energy is provided to the replicators, all damage to the ship can be quickly repaired, making the vessel virtually indestructable.)


WEAPONS
1. Basic Weapons
Weapon technology is an applied physical science, primarily concerned with the large-scale rapid discharge of destructive energy. Weapons research applies to personnel-scale and starship-scale weaponry.

2. Laser Beams
(Early beam weaponry, weak, short range and easily deflected by deflector shields)

3. Spatial Torpedoes
(Enterprise had these before her first refit)

4. Phase Cannons
(The earliest effective energy weapon, Enterprise had these)

5. Photonic Missiles
(Enterprise had these after her first refit)

6. Phaser Beam Emitters
Beam emitters release destructive energy in a tight, focused beam with minimal dispersion, allowing laser-like attacks on targets thousands of kilometers distant. This advancement makes beam weapons practical for starship use.

7. Merculite Torpedoes
(The minor races used these in BOTF)

8. Energy-Banking
(Pools the energy stored by multiple Phaser emitters to increase the power available for individual emitters, greatly increasing the effective firepower)

9. Photonic Charges
(Highly explosive charges, improves the warheads used in Torpedoes)

10. Phaser Banks
(Multiple Phaser emitters placed together in a group for improved accuracy, firing arcs, firepower, and greater energy banking capability)

12. Beam Hardening
Shield resistance is increased by power, but decreased by impact area. Hardened beams are fired in a convergent pattern whose cross-sectional area is vanishingly small at the point of shield impact. This reduces the effective strength of enemy shields, effectively increasing the impact strength of the beams.

11. Photon Torpedoes
Photon Torpedoes carry a small quantity of both matter and antimatter, which are held in place by magnetic field constraints. Upon impact with the target, these fields collapse, allowing the matter and antimatter to mix, releasing a massive amount of destructive energy in the process. Photon torpedoes are only equipped with chemical-rocket maneouvering systems and so must be fired via high-speed magnetic launchers to achieve maximum possible impact velocity.

12. Beam Hardening
Shield resistance is increased by power, but decreased by impact area. Hardened beams are fired in a convergent pattern whose cross-sectional area is vanishingly small at the point of shield impact. This reduces the effective strength of enemy shields, effectively increasing the impact strength of the beams.

13. Torpedo Hardening
Hardened torpedoes are encased in absorptive material that resists the effects of enemy shields. This resistance is only momentary, but allows the torpedo to detonate within the shields, rather than outside them, and thus improves overall damage.

14. Phaser Arrays
(Further development of the Phaser bank, allowing 200 Phaser emitters to be placed in a line, allowing vastly increased accuracy, firing arcs, firepower, and energy pooling)

13. Matter Packets
Torpedoes use a supply of matter and antimatter to produce an explosion. Matter packet technology allows the matter and antimatter reagents to be thoroughly mixed before containment release, providing a more efficient - and therefore more effective - detonation cycle.

16. Multi-Frequency Beams
Shields are least effective when their resonance frequency is the same as the frequency of the incoming beam. Multifrequency beams operate on several simultaneous frequencies, maximizing the probability that part of the beam will match the shield harmonics and do additional shield damage.

15. Subspace Guidance
Torpedoes which rely on starship tactical data for guidance cannot react as quickly as enemy ships. Subspace Guidance systems are carried on the torpedo, allowing it to lock onto an enemy vessel and home in autonomously.

20. Beam Micropulsing
Micropulsed beams are fired in a series of bursts rather than a constant beam. The difference is visually undetectable, but increases the energy required by resisting shields - thus effectively increasing shield penetration.

18. Frequency Rotation
(An extension of Multi-frequency beams, frequency rotation constantly changes the frequency of the beam, so that when fired, the chances that the resonant frequency of the beam matches that of the enemy shield are greatly increased.)

21. Antimatter Compression
Using a small-scale nonpropulsive Warp field, a torpedo's antimatter load can be compressed, and therefore increased. This allows the reactive mass to equal the total normal mass of the torpedo. The entire torpedo itself becomes the neccessary matter reactant, vastly increasing the explosive potential of the torpedo.

22. Plasma Pulsing
(Plasma is injected into the Phaser beam in pulses, allowing the beam to more effectively "drill" into enemy hulls, whilst simultaneously causing shield disruption or heat damage to the enemy hull)

23. Rapid-Fire Burst Tubes
(Torpedo tubes that are capable of holding multiple torpedoes for faster firing sequences and improved accuracy)

24. Pulse Phaser Cannons
(A Phaser that discharges its entire charge as a single bolt, rather than a steady beam. Pulses are much more effective than continuous beams against a shield, with a greater chance of destructive energy passing through the shield, ultimately causing physical damage to the enemy ship even before shield collapse)

25. Quantum Torpedoes
The Quantum torpedo utilises zero-point energy that upon impact, focuses the entire destructive energy potential directly at the target, instead of in all directions as with a traditional Photon. This makes it more difficult for shields to resist the impact, as the amount of energy released by a single Quantum Torpedo is equivalent to a 50 isoton blast; more than two-and-a-half times the destructive capability of even the most advanced Photon torpedo.

26. Double-Broadside Emitter Emplacements
(Phaser arrays that have been rearranged to take less space horizontally but more room vertically. This allows the array to be used on much smaller ships than would otherwise be the case, increasing the effective firepower of the whole fleet)

27. Torpedo Turrets
(Fast-tracking turrets that are capable of independently tracking multiple enemy targets. This allows for vastly improved firing arcs and mutiple target aquisitions)

28. Ultraconductive Emitters
By enhancing the charge that passes through them, Ultraconductive beam emitters increase the potential energy of beam attacks. These emitters can be installed in personnel weapons as easily as starship-grade beams.

29. Transphasic Torpedoes
Created by Admiral Janeway during the 2380's, Transphasic torpedoes are dimensionally unstable destructive payloads that phase in and out of normal reality. This means they are capable of passing straight through shields and may even explode within the target vessel itself.

30. Phaser Cannons
(Massive Phaser emitters with the combined energy banking potential of a the entire weapons systems and a dedicated Plasma energy production system. Phaser cannons are the absolute epiome of Phaser design)

29. Transphasic Torpedoes
Created by Admiral Janeway during the 2380's, Transphasic torpedoes are dimensionally unstable destructive payloads that phase in and out of normal reality. This means they are capable of passing straight through shields and may even explode within the target vessel itself.